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Thickening of the galea (membrane over the scalp) causes pressure on the blood vessels feeding the papilla (hair roots). This is the #1 cause of hair loss in men, and is generally caused by an overproduction of dihydrotestosterone. This tissue generally remains thin and elastic in females, but in many males, this tissue (over the crown and top part of the scalp) thickens and constricts blood flow through the capillaries.
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In addition, certain factors can cause the sebacious glands to overproduce sebum (oil), clogging hair follicles and leading to thinning hair and baldness. Dandruff and various "gunky" hair products can combine with sebum and multiply the effect. Also, sebum contains dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which is then re-absorbed into the bloodstream through the scalp—this can be very damaging for men who are susceptible to DHT.
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Although not as common, simple health issues, such as a thyroid imbalance (due to iodine deficiency), stress (causing muscle tension and constriction of blood vessels in the scalp), and even specific vitamin deficiencies can lead to poor hair growth and eventual hair loss.
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